Welcome to the Cookbook

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Let's say we already have our Article model defined on app/models/article.php, which looks like this:

 <?php  
   class Article extends AppModel { 
          var $name = 'Article'; 
           
          function published($fields = null) { 
              $conditions = array( 
                  $this->name . '.published' => 1 
              ); 
               
              return $this->findAll($conditions, $fields); 
          } 
   
   } 
 ?> 

1. <?php
2. class Article extends AppModel {
3. var $name = 'Article';
5. function published($fields = null) {
6. $conditions = array(
7. $this->name . '.published' => 1
8. );
10. return $this->findAll($conditions, $fields);
11. }
13. }
14. ?>

We now want to set up a test that will use this model definition, but through fixtures, to test some functionality in the model. CakePHP test suite loads a very minimum set of files (to keep tests isolated), so we have to start by loading our parent model (in this case the Article model which we already defined), and then inform the test suite that we want to test this model by specifying which DB configuration it should use. CakePHP test suite enables a DB configuration named test that is used for all models that rely on fixtures. Setting $useDbConfig to this configuration will let CakePHP know that this model uses the test suite database connection.

CakePHP Models will only use the test DB config if they rely on fixtures in your testcase!

Since we also want to reuse all our existing model code we will create a test model that will extend from Article, set $useDbConfig and $name appropiately. Let's now create a file named article.test.php in your app/tests/cases/models directory, with the following contents:

 <?php  
   App::import('Model','Article'); 

   
   class ArticleTestCase extends CakeTestCase { 
          var $fixtures = array( 'app.article' ); 
   } 
 ?> 

1. <?php
2. App::import('Model','Article');
4. class ArticleTestCase extends CakeTestCase {
5. var $fixtures = array( 'app.article' );
6. }
7. ?>

We have created the ArticleTestCase. In variable $fixtures we define the set of fixtures that we'll use.

If your model is associated with other models, you will need to include ALL the fixtures for each associated model even if you don't use them. For example: A hasMany B hasMany C hasMany D. In ATestCase you will have to include fixtures for a, b, c and d.

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Let's now add a method to test the function published() in the Article model. Edit the file app/tests/cases/models/article.test.php so it now looks like this:

  <?php
    App::import('Model', 'Article');
    
    class ArticleTestCase extends CakeTestCase {
        var $fixtures = array( 'app.article' );
    
        function testPublished() {
            $this->Article =& ClassRegistry::init('Article');
    
            $result = $this->Article->published(array('id', 'title'));
            $expected = array(
                array('Article' => array( 'id' => 1, 'title' => 'First Article' )),
                array('Article' => array( 'id' => 2, 'title' => 'Second Article' )),
                array('Article' => array( 'id' => 3, 'title' => 'Third Article' ))
            );
    
            $this->assertEqual($result, $expected);
        }
    }
    ?>    

1. <?php
2. App::import('Model', 'Article');
4. class ArticleTestCase extends CakeTestCase {
5. var $fixtures = array( 'app.article' );
7. function testPublished() {
8. $this->Article =& ClassRegistry::init('Article');
10. $result = $this->Article->published(array('id', 'title'));
11. $expected = array(
12. array('Article' => array( 'id' => 1, 'title' => 'First Article' )),
13. array('Article' => array( 'id' => 2, 'title' => 'Second Article' )),
14. array('Article' => array( 'id' => 3, 'title' => 'Third Article' ))
15. );
17. $this->assertEqual($result, $expected);
18. }
19. }
20. ?>

You can see we have added a method called testPublished(). We start by creating an instance of our fixture based Article model, and then run our published() method. In $expected we set what we expect should be the proper result (that we know since we have defined which records are initally populated to the article table.) We test that the result equals our expectation by using the assertEqual method. See the section Creating Tests for information on how to run the test.