Welcome to the Cookbook

ada perubahan tertangguh untuk seksyen ini. More information about translations

There are only a few steps to go from a single-language application to a multi-lingual application, the first of which is to make use of the __() function in your code. Below is an example of some code for a single-language application:

<h2>Posts</h2>

1. <h2>Posts</h2>

To internationalize your code, all you need to do is to wrap strings in the translate function like so:

<h2><?php __('Posts') ?></h2>

1. <h2><?php __('Posts') ?></h2>

If you do nothing further, these two code examples are functionally identical - they will both send the same content to the browser. The __() function will translate the passed string if a translation is available, or return it unmodified. It works similar to other Gettext implementations (as do the other translate functions, such as __d(), __n() etc)

With your code ready to be multilingual, the next step is to create your pot file, which is the template for all translatable strings in your application. To generate your pot file(s), all you need to do is run the i18n console task, which will look for where you've used a translate function in your code and generate your pot file(s) for you. You can and should re-run this console task any time you change the translations in your code.

The pot file(s) themselves are not used by CakePHP, they are the templates used to create or update your po files, which contain the translations. Cake will look for your po files in the following location:

/app/locale/<locale>/LC_MESSAGES/<domain>.po

1. /app/locale/<locale>/LC_MESSAGES/<domain>.po

The default domain is 'default', therefore your locale folder would look something like this:

/app/locale/eng/LC_MESSAGES/default.po (English)   
/app/locale/fre/LC_MESSAGES/default.po (French)   
/app/locale/por/LC_MESSAGES/default.po (Portuguese) 

1. /app/locale/eng/LC_MESSAGES/default.po (English)
2. /app/locale/fre/LC_MESSAGES/default.po (French)
3. /app/locale/por/LC_MESSAGES/default.po (Portuguese)

To create or edit your po files it's recommended that you do not use your favorite editor. To create a po file for the first time it is possible to copy the pot file to the correct location and change the extension however unless you're familiar with their format, it's quite easy to create an invalid po file or to save it as the wrong charset (if you're editing manually, use UTF-8 to avoid problems). There are free tools such as PoEdit which make editing and updating your po files an easy task; especially for updating an existing po file with a newly updated pot file.

The three-character locale codes conform to the ISO 639-2 standard, although if you create regional locales (en_US, en_GB, etc.) cake will use them if appropriate.

there is a 1014-character limit for each msgstr value (source needed).

Remember that po files are useful for short messages, if you find you want to translate long paragraphs, or even whole pages - you should consider implementing a different solution. e.g.:

// App Controller Code.
function beforeFilter() {
    $locale = Configure::read('Config.language');
    if ($locale && file_exists(VIEWS . $locale . DS . $this->viewPath)) {
        // e.g. use /app/views/fre/pages/tos.ctp instead of /app/views/pages/tos.ctp
        $this->viewPath = $locale . DS . $this->viewPath;
    }
}

1. // App Controller Code.
2. function beforeFilter() {
3. $locale = Configure::read('Config.language');
4. if ($locale && file_exists(VIEWS . $locale . DS . $this->viewPath)) {
5. // e.g. use /app/views/fre/pages/tos.ctp instead of /app/views/pages/tos.ctp
6. $this->viewPath = $locale . DS . $this->viewPath;
7. }
8. }

or

// View code
echo $this->element(Configure::read('Config.language') . '/tos')

1. // View code
2. echo $this->element(Configure::read('Config.language') . '/tos')