关联：将模型连接在一起¶

class User extends AppModel {
    public $hasOne = 'Profile';
    public $hasMany = array(
        'Recipe' => array(
            'className' => 'Recipe',
            'conditions' => array('Recipe.approved' => '1'),
            'order' => 'Recipe.created DESC'
        )
    );
}

class User extends AppModel {
    public $hasMany = array(
        'MyRecipe' => array(
            'className' => 'Recipe',
        )
    );
    public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
        'MemberOf' => array(
            'className' => 'Group',
        )
    );
}

class Group extends AppModel {
    public $hasMany = array(
        'MyRecipe' => array(
            'className' => 'Recipe',
        )
    );
    public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
        'Member' => array(
            'className' => 'User',
        )
    );
}

class User extends AppModel {
    public $hasMany = array(
        'MyRecipe' => array(
            'className' => 'Recipe',
        )
    );
    public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
        'Member' => array(
            'className' => 'Group',
        )
    );
}

class Group extends AppModel {
    public $hasMany = array(
        'MyRecipe' => array(
            'className' => 'Recipe',
        )
    );
    public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
        'Member' => array(
            'className' => 'User',
        )
    );
}

$this->Recipe->someFunction();

$this->User->Recipe->someFunction();

class User extends AppModel {
    public $hasOne = 'Profile';
}

class User extends AppModel {
    public $hasOne = array(
        'Profile' => array(
            'className' => 'Profile',
            'conditions' => array('Profile.published' => '1'),
            'dependent' => true
        )
    );
}

//调用 $this->User->find() 的结果示例。

Array
(
    [User] => Array
        (
            [id] => 121
            [name] => Gwoo the Kungwoo
            [created] => 2007-05-01 10:31:01
        )
    [Profile] => Array
        (
            [id] => 12
            [user_id] => 121
            [skill] => Baking Cakes
            [created] => 2007-05-01 10:31:01
        )
)

class Profile extends AppModel {
    public $belongsTo = 'User';
}

class Profile extends AppModel {
    public $belongsTo = array(
        'User' => array(
            'className' => 'User',
            'foreignKey' => 'user_id'
        )
    );
}

//调用 $this->Profile->find() 的结果示例。

Array
(
   [Profile] => Array
        (
            [id] => 12
            [user_id] => 121
            [skill] => Baking Cakes
            [created] => 2007-05-01 10:31:01
        )
    [User] => Array
        (
            [id] => 121
            [name] => Gwoo the Kungwoo
            [created] => 2007-05-01 10:31:01
        )
)

class User extends AppModel {
    public $hasMany = 'Comment';
}

class User extends AppModel {
    public $hasMany = array(
        'Comment' => array(
            'className' => 'Comment',
            'foreignKey' => 'user_id',
            'conditions' => array('Comment.status' => '1'),
            'order' => 'Comment.created DESC',
            'limit' => '5',
            'dependent' => true
        )
    );
}

//调用 $this->User->find() 的结果示例。

Array
(
    [User] => Array
        (
            [id] => 121
            [name] => Gwoo the Kungwoo
            [created] => 2007-05-01 10:31:01
        )
    [Comment] => Array
        (
            [0] => Array
                (
                    [id] => 123
                    [user_id] => 121
                    [title] => On Gwoo the Kungwoo
                    [body] => The Kungwooness is not so Gwooish
                    [created] => 2006-05-01 10:31:01
                )
            [1] => Array
                (
                    [id] => 124
                    [user_id] => 121
                    [title] => More on Gwoo
                    [body] => But what of the 'Nut?
                    [created] => 2006-05-01 10:41:01
                )
        )
)

class Recipe extends AppModel {
    public $hasAndBelongsToMany = array(
        'Ingredient' =>
            array(
                'className' => 'Ingredient',
                'joinTable' => 'ingredients_recipes',
                'foreignKey' => 'recipe_id',
                'associationForeignKey' => 'ingredient_id',
                'unique' => true,
                'conditions' => '',
                'fields' => '',
                'order' => '',
                'limit' => '',
                'offset' => '',
                'finderQuery' => '',
                'with' => ''
            )
    );
}

//调用 $this->Recipe->find() 的结果示例。

Array
(
    [Recipe] => Array
        (
            [id] => 2745
            [name] => Chocolate Frosted Sugar Bombs
            [created] => 2007-05-01 10:31:01
            [user_id] => 2346
        )
    [Ingredient] => Array
        (
            [0] => Array
                (
                    [id] => 123
                    [name] => Chocolate
                )
           [1] => Array
                (
                    [id] => 124
                    [name] => Sugar
                )
           [2] => Array
                (
                    [id] => 125
                    [name] => Bombs
                )
        )
)

id | student_id | course_id

id | student_id | course_id | days_attended | grade

// Student.php
class Student extends AppModel {
    public $hasMany = array(
        'CourseMembership'
    );
}

// Course.php

class Course extends AppModel {
    public $hasMany = array(
        'CourseMembership'
    );
}

// CourseMembership.php

class CourseMembership extends AppModel {
    public $belongsTo = array(
        'Student', 'Course'
    );
}

class Leader extends AppModel {
    public $hasMany = array(
        'Follower' => array(
            'className' => 'Follower',
            'order' => 'Follower.rank'
        )
    );
}

class Follower extends AppModel {
    public $name = 'Follower';
}

public function some_action() {
    // 这会获取 Leader 及其相关的 Followers
    $this->Leader->find('all');

    // 让我们删除 hasMany 关联……
    $this->Leader->unbindModel(
        array('hasMany' => array('Follower'))
    );

    // 现在使用 find 函数将只返回 Leaders，而没有 Followers
    $this->Leader->find('all');

    // 注：unbindModel 方法只影响紧随其后的 find 方法。再往后调用 find 方法
    // 时仍将使用配置的关联信息。

    // 我们已经在 unbindModel() 之后调用了 find('all')，所以这次又会获取
    // Leaders 及相关的 Followers……
    $this->Leader->find('all');
}

$this->Model->unbindModel(
    array('关联类型' => array('关联模型类名'))
);

public function another_action() {
    // 在 leader.php 模型文件中没有 Leader hasMany Principles 关联，所以这里
    // 的 find 只读取了 Leaders。
    $this->Leader->find('all');

    // 让我们用 bindModel() 方法为 Leader 模型添加一个新的关联：
    $this->Leader->bindModel(
        array('hasMany' => array(
                'Principle' => array(
                    'className' => 'Principle'
                )
            )
        )
    );

    // 如果我们在模型重置后要保持这样的关联，我们可以这样传入第二个 boolean
    // 参数：
    $this->Leader->bindModel(
        array('hasMany' => array(
                'Principle' => array(
                    'className' => 'Principle'
                )
            )
        ),
        false
    );

    // 现在我们已经正确地设置了关联，我们可以调用一次 find 函数来获取 Leader
    // 及其相关的 principle：
    $this->Leader->find('all');
}

$this->Model->bindModel(
    array('关联名称' => array(
            '关联模型类名' => array(
                // 这里是常规的关联的键……
            )
        )
    )
);

class Message extends AppModel {
    public $belongsTo = array(
        'Sender' => array(
            'className' => 'User',
            'foreignKey' => 'user_id'
        ),
        'Recipient' => array(
            'className' => 'User',
            'foreignKey' => 'recipient_id'
        )
    );
}

class User extends AppModel {
    public $hasMany = array(
        'MessageSent' => array(
            'className' => 'Message',
            'foreignKey' => 'user_id'
        ),
        'MessageReceived' => array(
            'className' => 'Message',
            'foreignKey' => 'recipient_id'
        )
    );
}

class Post extends AppModel {

    public $belongsTo = array(
        'Parent' => array(
            'className' => 'Post',
            'foreignKey' => 'parent_id'
        )
    );

    public $hasMany = array(
        'Children' => array(
            'className' => 'Post',
            'foreignKey' => 'parent_id'
        )
    );
}

$options['joins'] = array(
    array('table' => 'channels',
        'alias' => 'Channel',
        'type' => 'LEFT',
        'conditions' => array(
            'Channel.id = Item.channel_id',
        )
    )
);

$Item->find('all', $options);

$options['joins'] = array(
    array('table' => 'channels',
        'alias' => 'Channel',
        'type' => 'LEFT',
        'conditions' => array(
            'Channel.id = Item.channel_id',
        )
    )
);

$options['conditions'] = array(
    'Channel.private' => 1
);

$privateItems = $Item->find('all', $options);

$options['joins'] = array(
    array('table' => 'books_tags',
        'alias' => 'BooksTag',
        'type' => 'inner',
        'conditions' => array(
            'Book.id = BooksTag.book_id'
        )
    ),
    array('table' => 'tags',
        'alias' => 'Tag',
        'type' => 'inner',
        'conditions' => array(
            'BooksTag.tag_id = Tag.id'
        )
    )
);

$options['conditions'] = array(
    'Tag.tag' => 'Novel'
);

$books = $Book->find('all', $options);