Journalisation (logging)¶

Utiliser la fonction log¶

La fonction log() prend deux paramètres. Le premier est le message que vous aimeriez écrire dans le fichier de log. Par défaut, ce message d’erreur est écrit dans le fichier de log « error », qui se trouve dans app/tmp/logs/error.log.

// Exécuter ceci dans une classe CakePHP :

$this->log("Quelque chose ne marche pas !");

// Entraîne un ajout dans app/tmp/logs/error.log

2007-11-02 10:22:02 Error: Quelque chose ne marche pas !

Le second paramètre est utilisé pour définir le type de fichier de log dans lequel vous souhaitez écrire le message. S’il n’est pas précisé, le type par défaut est LOG_ERROR, qui écrit dans le fichier de log « error » mentionné précédemment. Vous pouvez définir ce second paramètre à LOG_DEBUG pour écrire vos messages dans un fichier de log alternatif situé dans app/tmp/logs/debug.log :

// Exécuter ceci dans une classe CakePHP :

$this->log('Un message de débug', LOG_DEBUG);

// Entraîne un ajout dans app/tmp/logs/debug.log (plutôt que dans error.log)

2007-11-02 10:22:02 Error: un message de débug.

Vous pouvez aussi spécifier un nom différent pour le fichier de log, en définissant le second paramètre avec le nom de ce fichier.

// Exécuter ceci dans une classe CakePHP :

$this->log("Un message spécial pour la journalisation de l'activité", 'activite');

// Entraîne un ajout dans app/tmp/logs/activite.log (plutôt que dans error.log)

2007-11-02 10:22:02 Activite: Un message spécial pour la journalisation de l’activité

Votre dossier app/tmp doit être accessible en écriture par le serveur web pour que la journalisation fonctionne correctement.

Using the default FileLog class¶

While CakeLog can be configured to write to a number of user configured logging adapters, it also comes with a default logging configuration. This configuration is identical to how CakeLog behaved in CakePHP 1.2. The default logging configuration will be used any time there are no other logging adapters configured. Once a logging adapter has been configured you will need to also configure FileLog if you want file logging to continue.

As its name implies FileLog writes log messages to files. The type of log message being written determines the name of the file the message is stored in. If a type is not supplied, LOG_ERROR is used which writes to the error log. The default log location is app/tmp/logs/$type.log

//Executing this inside a CakePHP class:
 $this->log("Something didn't work!");

//Results in this being appended to app/tmp/logs/error.log
2007-11-02 10:22:02 Error: Something didn't work!

You can specify a custom log names, using the second parameter. The default built-in FileLog class will treat this log name as the file you wish to write logs to.

//called statically
CakeLog::write('activity', 'A special message for activity logging');

//Results in this being appended to app/tmp/logs/activity.log (rather than error.log)
2007-11-02 10:22:02 Activity: A special message for activity logging

The configured directory must be writable by the web server user in order for logging to work correctly.

You can configure additional/alternate FileLog locations using CakeLog::config(). FileLog accepts a path which allows for custom paths to be used.

CakeLog::config('custom_path', array(
    'engine' => 'FileLog',
    'path' => '/path/to/custom/place/'
));

Creating and configuring log streams¶

Log stream handlers can be part of your application, or part of plugins. If for example you had a database logger called DataBaseLogger as part of your application it would be placed in app/libs/log/data_base_logger.php; as part of a plugin it would be placed in app/plugins/my_plugin/libs/log/data_base_logger.php. When configured, CakeLog will attempt to load. Configuring log streams is done by calling CakeLog::config(). Configuring our DataBaseLogger would look like

//for app/libs
CakeLog::config('otherFile', array(
    'engine' => 'DataBaseLogger',
    'model' => 'LogEntry',
    ...
));

//for plugin called LoggingPack
CakeLog::config('otherFile', array(
    'engine' => 'LoggingPack.DataBaseLogger',
    'model' => 'LogEntry',
    ...
));

When configuring a log stream the engine parameter is used to locate and load the log handler. All of the other configuration properties are passed to the log stream’s constructor as an array.

class DataBaseLogger {
    function __construct($options = array()) {
        //...
    }
}

CakePHP has no requirements for Log streams other than that they must implement a write method. This write method must take two parameters $type, $message in that order. $type is the string type of the logged message, core values are error, warning, info and debug. In addition you can define your own types by using them when you call CakeLog::write.

It should be noted that you will encounter errors when trying to configure application level loggers from app/config/core.php. This is because paths are not yet bootstrapped. Configuring of loggers should be done in app/config/bootstrap.php to ensure classes are properly loaded.

Interacting with log streams¶

You can introspect the configured streams with CakeLog::configured(). The return of configured() is an array of all the currently configured streams. You can remove streams using CakeLog::drop($key). Once a log stream has been dropped it will no longer receive messages.

Error logging¶

Errors are now logged when Configure::write('debug', 0);. You can use Configure::write('log', $val), to control which errors are logged when debug is off. By default all errors are logged.

Configure::write('log', E_WARNING);

Would log only warning and fatal errors. Setting Configure::write('log', false); will disable error logging when debug = 0.