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Deleting Data

class Cake\ORM\Table
Cake\ORM\Table::delete(Entity $entity, $options = [])

Once you’ve loaded an entity you can delete it by calling the originating table’s delete method:

// In a controller.
$entity = $this->Articles->get(2);
$result = $this->Articles->delete($entity);

When deleting entities a few things happen:

  1. The delete rules will be applied. If the rules fail, deletion will be prevented.

  2. The Model.beforeDelete event is triggered. If this event is stopped, the delete will be aborted and the event’s result will be returned.

  3. The entity will be deleted.

  4. All dependent associations will be deleted. If associations are being deleted as entities, additional events will be dispatched.

  5. Any junction table records for BelongsToMany associations will be removed.

  6. The Model.afterDelete event will be triggered.

By default all deletes happen within a transaction. You can disable the transaction with the atomic option:

$result = $this->Articles->delete($entity, ['atomic' => false]);

The $options parameter supports the following options:

  • atomic Defaults to true. When true the deletion happens within a transaction.

  • checkRules Defaults to true. Check deletion rules before deleting records.

Cascading Deletes

When deleting entities, associated data can also be deleted. If your HasOne and HasMany associations are configured as dependent, delete operations will ‘cascade’ to those entities as well. By default entities in associated tables are removed using Cake\ORM\Table::deleteAll(). You can elect to have the ORM load related entities, and delete them individually by setting the cascadeCallbacks option to true. A sample HasMany association with both these options enabled would be:

// In a Table's initialize method.
$this->hasMany('Comments', [
    'dependent' => true,
    'cascadeCallbacks' => true,
]);

Note

Setting cascadeCallbacks to true, results in considerably slower deletes when compared to bulk deletes. The cascadeCallbacks option should only be enabled when your application has important work handled by event listeners.

Bulk Deletes

Cake\ORM\Table::deleteMany($entities, $options = [])

If you have an array of entities you want to delete you can use deleteMany() to delete them in a single transaction:

// Get a boolean indicating success
$success = $this->Articles->deleteMany($entities);

// Will throw a PersistenceFailedException if any entity cannot be deleted.
$this->Articles->deleteManyOrFail($entities);

The $options for these methods are the same as delete(). Deleting records with these method will trigger events.

Cake\ORM\Table::deleteAll($conditions)

There may be times when deleting rows one by one is not efficient or useful. In these cases it is more performant to use a bulk-delete to remove many rows at once:

// Delete all the spam
function destroySpam()
{
    return $this->deleteAll(['is_spam' => true]);
}

A bulk-delete will be considered successful if 1 or more rows are deleted. The function returns the number of deleted records as an integer.

Warning

deleteAll will not trigger beforeDelete/afterDelete events. If you need callbacks triggered, first load the entities with find() and delete them in a loop.

Strict Deletes

Cake\ORM\Table::deleteOrFail($entity, $options = [])

Using this method will throw an Cake\ORM\Exception\PersistenceFailedException if:

  • the entity is new

  • the entity has no primary key value

  • application rules checks failed

  • the delete was aborted by a callback.

If you want to track down the entity that failed to delete, you can use the Cake\ORMException\PersistenceFailedException::getEntity() method:

try {
    $table->deleteOrFail($entity);
} catch (\Cake\ORM\Exception\PersistenceFailedException $e) {
    echo $e->getEntity();
}

As this internally performs a Cake\ORM\Table::delete() call, all corresponding delete events will be triggered.